中国留美幼童 Chinese Educational Mission

https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-cn/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%95%99%E7%BE%8E%E5%B9%BC%E7%AB%A5

Ye, Weili. 2002. Seeking Modernity in China’s Name: Chinese Students in the United States, 1900–1927. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 8.

https://www.sup.org/books/title/?id=759

https://doi.org/10.1515/9780804780414

在英语中，中国近代史上的人物似乎只有孙中山（Sun Yat-sen）和蒋介石（Chiang Kai-shek）两人的名字会用威妥玛拼音表示，其他人的名字都是汉语拼音。

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/china-quarterly/information/author-instructions/preparing-your-materials

https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/journals/tcj/instruct

The World Before Git

In this post, we trace the history of VCS, leading up to the creation of Git.

The Earliest Forms of VCS: Manual

https://osshistory.org/p/the-world-before-git

Involuntary Consent: The Illusion of Choice in Japan’s Adult Video Industry

“Involuntary consent” is ubiquitous, not only in the porn industry, but in our everyday lives. And yet modern society, built on beliefs of autonomy, free choice, and equality, renders it all but invisible.

Akiko Takeyama investigates the paradox of involuntary consent in modern liberal democratic societies. Taking consent as her starting point, Takeyama illustrates the nuances of contract making and the legal structures, or lack thereof, that govern Japan’s adult video and sex entertainment industries.

https://www.sup.org/books/title/?id=33461

Earning respect and trust

If anything, the challenges that science is experiencing now are not due to a lack of success in the laboratory. They are due to a lack of emphasis on other aspects of science—great teaching; communicating; policy-making; and performing the hard intellectual labor of choosing, from the mass of research, those discoveries that deserve publication in a top journal—and then working with authors to make the findings publishable.

I was frequently visited by graduate students who were in distress after they had informed their adviser that they did not intend to pursue an academic research career. Suddenly, their adviser became less interested in them.

Many seem to think that having highly cited work and membership in exclusive academies gives them license to be dismissive of others. This is pure arrogance and ignorance.

The way to restore trust in science and higher education is by earning it. Let’s start by recognizing everyone within the scientific community as peers in the scientific quest.

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ado3040

I don’t think you (Taylor Swift) can get more famous than “foreign embassy ensures she’ll make it back in time for date night.”

https://twitter.com/ianbremmer/status/1753536390690664657

二零一七年舊文更新：

https://yitianshijie.vercel.app/2017/07/24/open-letter-to-the-academics

橫排版：https://blog.yitianshijie.net/2017/07/24/open-letter-to-the-academics/

【十三邀 第六季】第 7 期：许知远对话葛兆光 站在历史的远处

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fw2ECJK86Io

01:11:45 葛兆光认为，新一代历史学者做的研究题目太小、太碎，年轻的历史学者不太关心大的政治命运。他举了两个研究晚清笑话和毛皮的例子，大概是下面这两本书：

Rea, Christopher. Age of Irreverence: A New History of Laughter in China. Oakland: University of California Press, 2015. https://doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520283848.001.0001.

Schlesinger, Jonathan. A World Trimmed with Fur: Wild Things, Pristine Places, and the Natural Fringes of Qing Rule. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9780804799966.001.0001.

我不否认有这样的问题，但这跟研究范式相关，也与许知远所说的「对上一代的逆反」有关。另一方面，没有这些具体的物质或对象，思想从何而来？

Fix every runtime bug on macOS.

https://github.com/Lakr233/FixTim

祝大家新春愉快，顺心如意！

Happy Lunar New Year！

▓▓░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░░ 11%

Ni, Jiaqian, Mengqiao Wang, and Kai Quek. “The Sources of National Pride: Evidence from China and the United States.” Nations and Nationalism (February 9, 2024). https://doi.org/10.1111/nana.13007.

National pride relates to nationalism, one of the most powerful forces in modern politics. Many surveys have shown that most citizens are proud of their countries, but few have directly examined the underlying reasons for why people are proud of their countries.

Using parallel national surveys in China and the United States, we investigate the sources and contents of national pride in the two most powerful nation-states in the world.

Our results reveal clear differences between citizens in the two countries. While the sources of American national pride are largely ideational, the sources of Chinese national pride tend to be material.

The evidence provides a first set of insights into the sources of national pride and challenges conventional depictions of nationalism as a monolithic concept.

Lee, Myunghee. “Authoritarianism at School: Indoctrination Education, Political Socialisation, and Citizenship in North Korea.” Asian Studies Review (2024). https://doi.org/10.1080/10357823.2023.2300631.

It is well known that North Korea uses political propaganda to elicit popular support, and this article focuses on how primary and secondary schools play an essential role in conveying the regime’s messages.

The article asks how this process shapes North Koreans’ perceptions towards citizenship and how their perceptions of ‘democracy’ differ from those in other parts of the world. School education, I argue, socialises North Koreans and shapes their everyday political attitudes and citizenship perceptions.

This study examines 32 North Korean Socialist Moral textbooks and identifies four core regime messages embedded in these texts: Personality Cult education in relation to the Kims, promoting socialism, fostering nationalism, and cultivating communitarianism and collectivism.

I propose that these regime messages positively and negatively affect perceptions of democratic citizenship. Messages that promote communitarianism can encourage North Koreans to engage in democratic politics, but messages about political leadership, nationalism, and collectivism can hamper North Koreans’ understanding of democracy and their capacity to develop democratic norms.

This study has implications for research into how North Korean defectors are integrated into democratic South Korea, suggesting that these defectors’ longstanding exposure to authoritarian education in North Korea will necessarily influence how they conceive of democracy.

如何為人民服務？中國 700 萬公務員的升遷法則

這其中的共性是，每個人都不能把話說得太明白。

不能直言的原因之一是，系統內的大家需要「保持團結」來共同為人民服務，即使身處其中的眾人都清楚這只是浮於淺表層的團結。

為逆天改命、躲過反腐這一「劫難」及獲得更好的升遷，求神拜佛代替共產主義成為公務員的主要精神依託。正所謂「公務員的盡頭是玄學」。

在中國現行的國家制度下，對公務員群體而言，黨紀在國法之上。因此，這一群體只要遵守黨內規則，踐行系統默許的為官之道，黨紀便可以為他們的仕途保駕護航。

在民營企業做會計時，她被同事形容為「沒心沒肺」的人，每天只知道瞎開心。成功當上公務員後，她反而變焦慮了。「事實證明，每個人都是有心有肺的」，她說。

在他眼裡，黨就是一個巨大的幫派組織，具有極大的掌控能力和完全的資源壟斷能力，如果幫派真想找他麻煩，他根本躲不掉，他在意的戶口、社保以及將來的孩子教育都會被波及。

https://theinitium.com/article/20230907-mainland-civil-servants